Acromion

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A Brief guide to Acromion

The acromion is an anatomical feature in the scapula (shoulder blade). It is a lateral extension of the column in the scapula, which forms the highest point on the shoulder and is triangular in shape. It comes along with the coracoid process of the shoulder joint.  injuredshoulder.com

Functions of the acromion




The formation of the acriomioclavicular joint is the main function of the acromion. A group known as delta joint (one of the types of synovial joints) is formed at the point where the inside or medial border meets the lateral (flattened) end of the clavicle. Sliding movement of the acromion against the clavicle results in the action of arm movement (elevation above the head). This part of the shoulder also acts as a muscle attachment site. Medial deltoid fibers originate from the lateral edge of the acromion. These fibers help to raise the arm laterally.

Fracture of the acromion process

Acromion fractures can be of many types Type 1, Type 2, Type 3 and stress fractures. They may be sub-divided into type 1A, 2A, 2B, etc.  tof Acromion are described in detail below.

Type 1 Acromion

This kind of fracture is known as Acromion Flat. It is subdivided into Type 1A and type 1B type. Type 1A requires less time for healing. This type of bone fracture is mainly caused due to breakage and pushing actions. Therefore, it is also known as avulsion fractures. In 1B type fracture, there is lesser displacement of the bone. The main cause behind this type is a trauma.

Type 2 Acromion

This is also called as the curved acromion. It records cases with a high compression injury. This acromion appears on the occurrence of too many classes displacements in the bone, which can be lateral or anterior. It may or may not be the cause of reduction in the subacromial space. The patient may recover within 6 weeks without any surgical treatment.

Type 3 Acromion

This is the hooked acromion or peak acromion. This type of fracture is the most common. This results in a kind of downward displacement. The pain from this fracture is greater than the other two. It may well be an anatomical or degenerative. This fracture cannot be cured without surgery.

Type 4 Acromion

This is the most recent classification of acromion. In this type of acromion, the lower surface is convex near the distal end. The frequency of this acromion is increasing today.



 

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